Niobium (Nb) — Element Properties, Uses & Facts
Overview
Niobium, formerly columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, which is often found in the pyrochlore mineral, the main commercial source for niobium, and columbite. The name comes from Greek mythology:Niobe, daughter of Tantalus since it is so similar to tantalum.
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of Niobium is [Kr] 4d4 5s1, with electron shells of 2, 8, 18, 12, 1.
Physical and chemical properties
Niobium is classified as a transition metal. It has an atomic mass of 92.906 and exists as a solid at standard conditions, appearing as gray metallic, bluish when oxidized.
Real-world uses of Niobium
As a transition metal, Niobium is typically used in alloys, industrial manufacturing, electronics, or as a catalyst in chemical reactions.
Interesting facts about Niobium
- Niobium has the atomic number 41 and chemical symbol Nb.
- It belongs to period 5, group 5 of the periodic table.
- Niobium was discovered by Charles Hatchett.
Explore Niobium interactively
Want to compare Niobium with other elements or see it highlighted on the full table? Open the interactive periodic table and click on Nb to explore properties, trends, and neighboring elements. You can also test your knowledge with our periodic table quiz game.
What is Niobium used for?
As a transition metal, Niobium is typically used in alloys, industrial manufacturing, electronics, or as a catalyst in chemical reactions.
What is the atomic number of Niobium?
The atomic number of Niobium is 41, meaning it has 41 protons in its nucleus.
What is the electron configuration of Niobium?
The electron configuration of Niobium is [Kr] 4d4 5s1.
Is Niobium a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
Niobium is classified as a transition metal.